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Applied Optics-OT, Volume 40, Issue 16, 2730-2735
June 2001
Aberration Properties and Performance of a New
Diffractive-Gradient-Index High-Resolution Objective
Grigoriy I. Greisukh, Evgeniy G. Ezhov, Sergei A. Stepanov
Keywords (OCIS):
(090.1970) Holography : Diffractive optics
(220.3630) Optical
design and fabrication : Lenses
ABSTRACT
We present what we believe is a new hybrid objective consisting of a
gradient-index optical element that has external flat refracting surfaces
and is made of two different inhomogeneous materials separated by a
cemented spherical surface. Microstructures of diffractive lenses are
placed on the flat external surfaces of the objective. The most surprising
property of this objective is that even calculation in the area of the
third- and the fifth-order aberrations yields an efficient design for
imaging with a Rayleigh resolution of 1 µm. [Optical Society of America ]
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Design of a Cemented, Radial
Gradient-Index Triplet
Grigoriy I. Greisukh and Sergei A. Stepanov
The authors are with
the Civil Engineering Institute, 440028, Penza, Titova, 28, Russia.
1 May 1998 Optical Society of America 2687 - 2690
Abstract
We show the possibility of simultaneously
eliminating all third- and fifth-order monochromatic aberrations by using
an objective consisting of three cemented lenses with radial distribution
of refractive indices. We present design procedures for removal of these
aberrations and reduction of residual higher-order aberrations.
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Subject Category : Vehicular/Ground
Transportation Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC
1999- Fall), 1999 IEEE 50th
Sponsored By : IEEE
Vehicular Technology Society
Minin I.V. and Minin O.V. New methods to identification and classification of the targets in the car radar imaging systems. -
50th Vehicular Technology Conference VTC 1999-Fall, September 19-22, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Softcover, 1999, p.1924-1928.
ABSTRACT
The imaging systems (with the quality of the radioimages "equal" to the optical images of the targets) based on haven't got any analogies in the methods of the "isotropic radiovision" are suggested. The most important fields of applications of this methods are: imaging radar, security systems, custom control systems, AVC and AVI systems.
Minin I.V. and Minin O.V. Unsteadies of the car radar imaging in dynamics. -
50th Vehicular Technology Conference VTC 1999-Fall, September 19-22, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Softcover, 1999, p.2048-2052.
ABSTRACT
At present time the serious problem of safety guaranteeing of automobile transport movement control in conditions of limited optical visibility (fog, snow, rain, dust, smoke and the like) is the creation of radar systems for prevention of collisions with obstacles, located on the road.
One of the cardinal directions of the decision of this problem is the development of a front survey automobile imaging radar (AIR). This system is forming the images of a car, road and various objects, located on a road and near it. For the AIR of this types, some difficult additional problems can be solved.
One of the important requirement to the radioimages formed by the AIR of the third type is the quality of forming radioimages. In ideals the quality of radioimages can be equal to optical images, because AR must not only to determinate availability of the obstacle, but to recognized and identificated it too.
The conducted theoretical and first experimental investigations have shown that the radar images of obstacles formed by radar are characterized by the non-stability of the radioimages, which can not permit to identificated and recognized the targets.
Unsteadies of the car radar imaging in dynamics are analyzing and discussed in this paper. The methods of the decreasing of the radar imaging unsteadies such as isotropic and wide-band methods are discussed.
Minin I.V. and Minin O.V. New conception of the low cost multibeam antennas in the mm-wave regime for radar systems of transport means, -
50th Vehicular Technology Conference VTC 1999-Fall, September 19-22, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Softcover, 1999, p.2053-2056.
ABSTRACT
The modern, compact, low-cost, scanning antennas of MM-wave diapason of new diffractional type for radar systems of transport means are considered.
The new conception of designing of radar antenna of transport systems (TS) under the contract with DaimlerChrysler AG was proposed. This conception consist in the antenna of TS radar is an element of construction of TS it self: a part of bumper, lights radiator granting, the element of bumper or wing, etc.
Minin I.V. and Minin O.V. Antennas of mm-range based on the quasioptical diffraction elements for the commumication systems, -
50th Vehicular Technology Conference VTC 1999-Fall, September 19-22, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Softcover, 1999, p.3040-3046.
ABSTRACT
The main results of the theoretical and experimental investigations of the mm-wave scanning antenna-radome, based on the diffractional elements, for the communication systems are presented in the given work.
System of microwave
radiovision of three-dimensional objects in real time
Minin,
Igor V.; Minin,
Oleg V.;
AA(Institute of Applied Physics Problems)
Abstract:
The imaging systems (with the quality of the
radioimages `equal' to the optical images of the targets) based on haven't
got any analogies in the methods of the `isotropic radiovision' are
suggested. The most important fields of applications of this methods are:
imaging radar, security systems, custom control systems, AVC and AVI
systems.
©2001 SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering.
Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Design
of objectives consisting of cemented radial gradient-index
lenses
Greisukh, Grigoriy I.; Ezhov, Evgeniy G.; Stepanov, Sergei A.
AA(Civil Engineering Institute) AB(State Univ. Penza)
AC(Civil Engineering Institute)
Abstract:
Aberration properties and correction capabilities of
objectives containing two or three cemented radial gradient- index lenses
are analyzed. It is shown that the simplest radial gradient-index system,
which can be corrected for all third-order monochromatic aberrations, is
the cemented doublet with flat external and spherical cemented surfaces.
Aberration properties of the cemented component made of two different
inhomogeneous materials and having only four flat surfaces are analogous.
It is also shown that the simplest radial gradient-index system, which can
be simultaneously corrected for all third- and fifth-order monochromatic
aberrations, is the cemented triplet made of three different inhomogeneous
materials and having spherical surfaces. The methods and examples of
aberrations-free objectives design are given.
©2000 SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering.
Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Computing and analysis of an optical system consisting of three cemented radial gradient-index lenses
Greisukh,
Grigoriy I.; Stepanov, Sergei A.;
AA(Civil Engineering Institute)
Abstract:
Possibilities of all third- and fifth-order
monochromatic aberrations elimination of the system consisting of three
cemented lenses with the radial distribution of refractive index are
shown. The design procedures for removal these aberrations are presented.
©2000 SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering.
Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Production of diffractive lenses by spatial-frequency
multiplication
Greisukh,
Grigoriy I.; Stepanov, Sergey A.;
AA(Civil Engineering Institute)
Abstract:
The possibilities of fabrication of high-resolution
diffractive lenses having sufficiently large diameter for x ray
applications by spatial-frequency multiplication method are shown. The
ways of determining the optimal spatial-frequency of a parent zone plate
are discussed.
©2000 SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering.
Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Advantages of diffraction
quasi-optics elements and their application
Minin,
I. V.; Minin,
O. V.;
AA(Institute of Applied Physics)
Abstract:
In this paper, the main properties of quasioptic
elements are present. Some practical system based on the elements are
discussed. The diffraction quasioptical elements are also used in
microwave antennae. Theory and design are discussed along with some
experimental and theoretical results.
©2001 SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering.
Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Design
of optical systems with diffractive and gradient-index
elements
Greisukh,
Grigoriy I.;
AA(Civil Engineering Institute of Penza)
Abstract:
The optical hybrid systems, i.e., systems containing
the optical elements of different types (diffractive and gradient-index
lenses), are considered. The corrective scope of two- and three-element
hybrid objectives are investigated. It is shown that the two-element
objective may be corrected for all monochromatic third-order aberrations.
It is possible in a wide range of relations between optical powers
diffractive and gradient-index lenses. It allows us to reduce the space
frequency of the structure of the diffractive lens and to decrease the
magnitude of the refractive index change of gradient-index lens. In
addition, the correction of various fifth-order aberrations may be
achieved in this case too. As a result this objective forms the image with
high resolution and a wide linear field in the image space. The
three-element hybrid objective consists of one diffractive and two
gradient-index lenses. This objective has symmetric configuration and unit
magnification. It is shown that in such an objective, which is free from
all third-order aberrations, it's possible to eliminate simultaneously
three out of the four different even fifth-order aberrations. In
particular, the validity of this result is conserved if the optical power
of the diffractive element is equal to zero. The design of a three-element
hybrid objective is given. The resulting designs are compared with
homogeneous objectives.
©2000 SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering.
Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Systems
for data reading from optical disks on the basis of diffractive
lenses
Greisukh,
Grigoriy I.; Stepanov, Sergey A.;
AA(Civil Engineering Institute)
Abstract:
Systems for reading data from optical disks are
suggested. In these systems a diffractive lens simultaneously executes the
functions of a focusing objective and the dispersive element of dynamical
autofocusing device. The design of diffractive lens structure is given for
two cases. In the first case the objective focusing semiconductor laser
emission consists of a single diffractive lens. In the second case, it
consists of a diffractive and homogeneous lens with spherical surfaces.
When designing the diffractive lens structure, one must consider that
semiconductor lasers have a heat instability of emission frequency and
emission wavelength spread from one sample to another.
©2000 SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering.
Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
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